![]() 9, 10, 11ĭespite the recommendation for genetic counseling, limited data exist regarding the geographic and sociodemographic distribution of cancer genetic counseling in the United States. Further, many insurance companies now require formal genetic counseling by a certified genetics provider prior to genetic testing. The US Preventive Services Task Force and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommend genetic counseling for cancer risk assessment in those meeting select personal and/or family history criteria, including diagnosis of breast or colorectal cancers at or under age 50, any diagnosis of ovarian cancer, or multiple affected relatives. Genetic counseling may involve but is a distinct process from, genetic testing. 8 This process often involves one or more visits with a genetic counselor (board certified allied health professional), specially trained nurse, or physician, and involves shared decision‐making between the patient and provider. Counseling to promote informed choices and adaptation to the risk or condition”. Education about inheritance, testing, management, prevention, resources, and research. ![]() The National Society of Genetic Counselors defines genetic counseling as integrating “Interpretation of family and medical histories to assess the chance of disease occurrence or recurrence. Genetic counseling is critical to identify patients at risk for inherited cancer syndromes, facilitate genetic testing, and guide management decisions. Population carrier rates for these pathogenic variants are high, ranging from 1/40 to 1/400 for BRCA1/2 (depending on ethnic background) and 1/300 to 1/400 for Lynch syndrome. 1, 2, 3, 4 Common examples are hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC eg, BRCA1/2) and Lynch syndrome. The majority of individuals receiving genetic counseling reported they did so because their doctor recommended it (66%), with smaller proportions describing self (12%), family (10%), or media (5%) influences as the primary reason.Īt least 5%‐15% of cancer diagnoses in the United States are due to inherited cancer syndromes. Of those receiving genetic counseling focused on breast/ovarian cancer, 3% were male and 97% female (breast cancer alone‐4% male, 96% female) for colorectal cancer, 49% male and 51% female, and for “other” cancers, 60% male and 40% female. ![]() An estimated 2.1 million individuals have undergone genetic counseling focused on breast/ovarian cancer, 1.3 million on colorectal cancer, and 1.4 million on “other” cancers. Among the unaffected, female sex (OR: 1.70 ), non‐Hispanic black race (OR: 1.44, reference: non‐Hispanic white), graduate education (OR: 1.76, reference: less than high school), and age (OR: 1.06 ) predicted higher rates of genetic counseling. After adjustment, however, only female sex (Odds Ratio : 1.78 ) remained a significant predictor of genetic counseling among the affected. On bivariate analysis, there were significant differences in proportions undergoing genetic counseling by sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, citizenship, education, age, and cancer status ( P < 0.01). Another user said that “That’s interesting.An estimated 4.8 million individuals in the United States had cancer genetic counseling. This makes so much sense” said another user. ”Yeah, apparently its one of the techniques taught in art classes. Actually, Upside-down painting/drawing is usually done to trick your brain into painting the actual details your eyes see instead of what your brain thinks parts SHOULD look like”. To which another the person who tweeted video said “ thought it was just trying to make it more impressive. ![]() Why do such artists always draw the picture inverted? Seen it many times now”. One user wondered by saying that “This is amazing but I have a question. The video which has 1,098 Retweets, 3,289 Likes on twitter has Netizens left amazed at the painting which artist has created. Read: Video Of Young Player Reacting To Fortnite's 'The End' Event Is Viral Netizens react Read: Karnataka Forest Official Says Lion In Viral Video Was Provoked At the start of the video, it is not clear as to what the artist is painting but later on, it was revealed to be an inverted portrait of a man who was standing in front of him. In the video which is of a minute, it can be seen that the artist is in front of a man who is standing in front of a man who is holding a plate of paint.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |